{"id":9265,"date":"2025-06-04T14:08:32","date_gmt":"2025-06-04T12:08:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/catalunyapaisdarxius.cat\/catalunyapaisdarxius\/recurs-digital\/recurs\/historia\/catalonia-at-war-and-in-the-post-war-period\/"},"modified":"2025-09-02T13:58:21","modified_gmt":"2025-09-02T11:58:21","slug":"catalonia-at-war-and-in-the-post-war-period","status":"publish","type":"historia","link":"https:\/\/catalunyapaisdarxius.cat\/en\/catalunyapaisdarxius\/digital-resource\/resource\/perspective\/catalonia-at-war-and-in-the-post-war-period\/","title":{"rendered":"Catalonia at war and in the post-war period"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"9265\" class=\"elementor elementor-9265 elementor-6472\" data-elementor-post-type=\"historia\">\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b31f2ca e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"b31f2ca\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2348dbb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2348dbb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1068da9 elementor-widget__width-initial animated-slow elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1068da9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Catalonia at war and in the post-war period<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5793066 animated-slow elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5793066\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:1000}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The Civil War and the post-war period left a deep mark on Catalan society, with an impact that resonates in its collective history. Between 1936 and 1939, the conflict divided communities and tested resistance to violence and subsequent repression. The post-war period, under the Franco regime, imposed a period of silence and reconstruction, with lasting consequences on the social and cultural structure. These experiences reflect the heartbeat of a society capable of overcoming adversity, keeping its identity alive despite historical onslaughts. Popular mobilization during the war and the subsequent repression left deep marks on the community fabric. Recovery was slow, with efforts to preserve language and culture in an adverse context. The war and post-war period constitute a chapter of resistance and transformation in contemporary Catalonia.      <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t<section class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e197c6e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"e197c6e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d57afb4 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d57afb4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2>&#8220;Les ambitions du fascisme europ\u00e9en. Appel que le Syndicat des Employ\u00e9s des Postes<br>espagnols fait \u00e0 tous les travailleurs postaux du monde&#8221; (&#8220;The ambitions of European fascism. Appeal that the Syndicat des Employ\u00e9s des Postes espagnols fait \u00e0 tous les travailleurs postalaux du monde&#8221;) <\/h2><h2><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\">1937<\/span><\/h2><p>This manifesto, published in 1937 by the Union of Postal Employees, denounces the ambitions of European fascism and calls on postal workers around the world to show solidarity with the republican cause. It shows the awareness and resistance of the Catalan and Spanish trade union sectors in the midst of the Civil War. This document demonstrates the active role of Catalan civil society in the ideological struggle and its connection to the European context, offering a key testimony to the international mobilization during the conflict.  <\/p><p><em>National Archive of Catalonia<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6b5248e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"6b5248e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d9c8d2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"5d9c8d2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-564272e elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"564272e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;motion_fx_motion_fx_scrolling&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;motion_fx_translateX_effect&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;motion_fx_translateX_direction&quot;:&quot;negative&quot;,&quot;motion_fx_translateX_affectedRange&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;%&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:{&quot;start&quot;:0,&quot;end&quot;:50}},&quot;motion_fx_translateX_speed&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:4,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;motion_fx_devices&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;mobile&quot;]}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"911\" src=\"https:\/\/catalunyapaisdarxius.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/ANC1-566-T-260_001-thumbnail-719x1024.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-5423\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/catalunyapaisdarxius.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/ANC1-566-T-260_001-thumbnail-719x1024.jpg 719w, https:\/\/catalunyapaisdarxius.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/ANC1-566-T-260_001-thumbnail-211x300.jpg 211w, https:\/\/catalunyapaisdarxius.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/ANC1-566-T-260_001-thumbnail-768x1094.jpg 768w, https:\/\/catalunyapaisdarxius.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/ANC1-566-T-260_001-thumbnail-1079x1536.jpg 1079w, https:\/\/catalunyapaisdarxius.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/ANC1-566-T-260_001-thumbnail.jpg 1361w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b100dc7 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b100dc7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7ab40b4 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7ab40b4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2>Blue Arrows General Staff. Information session. Declaration of a deserter  <\/h2><h2><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\">1938<\/span><\/h2><p>Coming from the General Staff of the Blue Arrows, a Falangist organization, this 1938 document contains the declaration of a deserter in the midst of the Civil War. Although it does not have an extensive justification, its importance lies in providing an inside view of the tensions and desertions within the Francoist side in Catalonia during a critical moment of the conflict. This first-hand testimony illustrates the fragility of cohesion within the Francoist ranks and enriches the understanding of the war events from an unusual perspective.  <\/p><p><em>National Archive of Catalonia<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<section class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60b46f7 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"60b46f7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9f1d979 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9f1d979\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2>Leaflet thrown over Barcelona on the eve of the francoist occupation on January 26, 1939, urging Barcelona residents not to leave the city or their homes.<\/h2><p><strong>1939<\/strong><\/p><p>This leaflet, dropped over Barcelona in 1939 just before the entry of Francoist troops on January 26, urged the population to remain in their homes, capturing the climate of tension and uncertainty of the last days of the Civil War in the city. It is a testament to the end of the conflict and the beginning of Francoist repression, with exceptional relevance for understanding the immediate impact of this key moment on Catalan society and the transition to the post-war period. <\/p><p><em>National Archive of Catalonia<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t<section class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-78b57b6 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"78b57b6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-98b7a8e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"98b7a8e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ec57720 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ec57720\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2>&#8220;Ernstes un Heiteres von S\/88, Ic\/A.O. In Spanien (1937-1939)&#8221;: memories and anecdotes of the headquarters of the Condor Legion<\/h2><p><strong>1939 (referred to 1937-1939)<\/strong><\/p><p>These memoirs and anecdotes from the staff of the Condor Legion, published in 1939, collect the experiences of the German air force that supported Franco&#8217;s side, with actions such as the bombing of Catalan cities between 1937 and 1939. It offers a perspective on the intervention of the Axis powers in the Civil War, especially on the devastating impact of the air attacks on Catalonia, connecting the local conflict with its international dimension. <\/p><p><em>National Archive of Catalonia<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c98bba3 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c98bba3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c25c1a6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"c25c1a6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;motion_fx_motion_fx_scrolling&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;motion_fx_translateX_effect&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;motion_fx_translateX_affectedRange&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;%&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:{&quot;start&quot;:0,&quot;end&quot;:50}},&quot;motion_fx_translateX_speed&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:4,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;motion_fx_devices&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;mobile&quot;]}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"935\" src=\"https:\/\/catalunyapaisdarxius.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/ANC1-756-T-211_4-701x1024.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-7138\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/catalunyapaisdarxius.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/ANC1-756-T-211_4-701x1024.jpg 701w, https:\/\/catalunyapaisdarxius.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/ANC1-756-T-211_4-205x300.jpg 205w, https:\/\/catalunyapaisdarxius.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/ANC1-756-T-211_4-768x1121.jpg 768w, https:\/\/catalunyapaisdarxius.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/ANC1-756-T-211_4-1052x1536.jpg 1052w, https:\/\/catalunyapaisdarxius.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/ANC1-756-T-211_4-1402x2048.jpg 1402w, https:\/\/catalunyapaisdarxius.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/ANC1-756-T-211_4.jpg 1649w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-39d4b8d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"39d4b8d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-07a1631 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"07a1631\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e6b111b elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"e6b111b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;motion_fx_motion_fx_scrolling&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;motion_fx_translateX_effect&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;motion_fx_translateX_direction&quot;:&quot;negative&quot;,&quot;motion_fx_translateX_affectedRange&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;%&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:{&quot;start&quot;:0,&quot;end&quot;:50}},&quot;motion_fx_translateX_speed&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:4,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;motion_fx_devices&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;mobile&quot;]}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"908\" src=\"https:\/\/catalunyapaisdarxius.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/ACPU360-2-T2-3285_001-thumbnail-722x1024.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-2446\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/catalunyapaisdarxius.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/ACPU360-2-T2-3285_001-thumbnail-722x1024.jpg 722w, https:\/\/catalunyapaisdarxius.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/ACPU360-2-T2-3285_001-thumbnail-211x300.jpg 211w, https:\/\/catalunyapaisdarxius.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/ACPU360-2-T2-3285_001-thumbnail-768x1090.jpg 768w, https:\/\/catalunyapaisdarxius.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/ACPU360-2-T2-3285_001-thumbnail-1082x1536.jpg 1082w, https:\/\/catalunyapaisdarxius.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/ACPU360-2-T2-3285_001-thumbnail-1443x2048.jpg 1443w, https:\/\/catalunyapaisdarxius.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/ACPU360-2-T2-3285_001-thumbnail.jpg 1804w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d167326 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d167326\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-496c38f elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"496c38f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2>Competition for the promotion and improvement of the Dutch dairy cow breed<\/h2><h2><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\">1943<\/span><\/h2><p>This 1943 image documents a competition in the Pla d\u2019Urgell to promote the improvement of the Dutch dairy cow, an effort to revitalize the agricultural economy in the early post-war years under the new regime. It is a documentary example of economic reconstruction and subsistence initiatives in a context of great difficulties, offering a vision of rural life in Catalonia during this period of repression and transformation. <\/p><p><em>Pla d&#8217;Urgell County Archive<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<section class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b06f9b7 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"b06f9b7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-81b0f1a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"81b0f1a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0470f46 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0470f46\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2>Memoirs of Ramona Zufiaurre Urquiola, Basque communist brigadier<\/h2><p><strong>1944-1947<\/strong><\/p><p>Written between 1944 and 1947, these memoirs by Ramona Zufiaurre Urquiola, a Basque communist brigadier, offer a personal testimony of the anti-Franco resistance in the years immediately following the Civil War, essential for understanding the continuity of political and social resistance in the post-war period.<\/p><p><em>National Archive of Catalonia<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ceefc49 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ceefc49\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-813d889 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"813d889\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;motion_fx_motion_fx_scrolling&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;motion_fx_translateX_effect&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;motion_fx_translateX_affectedRange&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;%&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:{&quot;start&quot;:0,&quot;end&quot;:50}},&quot;motion_fx_translateX_speed&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:4,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;motion_fx_devices&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;mobile&quot;]}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"811\" src=\"https:\/\/catalunyapaisdarxius.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/ANC1-875-T-64_02-808x1024.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-7142\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/catalunyapaisdarxius.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/ANC1-875-T-64_02-808x1024.jpg 808w, https:\/\/catalunyapaisdarxius.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/ANC1-875-T-64_02-237x300.jpg 237w, https:\/\/catalunyapaisdarxius.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/ANC1-875-T-64_02-768x973.jpg 768w, https:\/\/catalunyapaisdarxius.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/ANC1-875-T-64_02-1213x1536.jpg 1213w, https:\/\/catalunyapaisdarxius.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/ANC1-875-T-64_02-1617x2048.jpg 1617w, https:\/\/catalunyapaisdarxius.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/ANC1-875-T-64_02-scaled.jpg 2021w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t<section class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6a6c1bd e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"6a6c1bd\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f333ba0 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f333ba0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2>Photograph of trucks loaded with logs in front of the snowy Pedraforca<\/h2><p><strong>1940-1950<\/strong><\/p><p>Captured during the 1940s, this photograph shows trucks loaded with logs in front of the snow-covered Pedraforca, in Bergued\u00e0, and allows us to learn details of daily, social and economic life through elements such as the landscape and industrial forestry exploitation. The record documents the economic activities of subsistence in rural Catalonia during the post-war period, a period marked by the need for reconstruction and adaptation to the difficult conditions of the dictatorship. <\/p><p><em>Bergued\u00e0 County Archive<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t<section class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cc323a7 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cc323a7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f5f7f98 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f5f7f98\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2>Safe conduct record book to go to Andorra<\/h2><p><strong>1948-1958<\/strong><\/p><p>This register book documents the safe conducts required to travel to Andorra, highlighting the restrictions on movement imposed in post-war Spain. These permits, signed by the Civil Governor after background checks, reflect state control and surveillance over the Catalan population in the final years of the post-war period. <\/p><p><em>Historical Archive of Lleida<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0d38085 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"0d38085\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c174e1c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c174e1c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-62495f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"62495f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;motion_fx_motion_fx_scrolling&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;motion_fx_translateX_effect&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;motion_fx_translateX_direction&quot;:&quot;negative&quot;,&quot;motion_fx_translateX_affectedRange&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;%&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:{&quot;start&quot;:0,&quot;end&quot;:50}},&quot;motion_fx_translateX_speed&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:4,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;motion_fx_devices&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;mobile&quot;]}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"898\" src=\"https:\/\/catalunyapaisdarxius.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/ANC1-791-T-9_001-thumbnail-730x1024.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-5419\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/catalunyapaisdarxius.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/ANC1-791-T-9_001-thumbnail-730x1024.jpg 730w, https:\/\/catalunyapaisdarxius.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/ANC1-791-T-9_001-thumbnail-214x300.jpg 214w, https:\/\/catalunyapaisdarxius.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/ANC1-791-T-9_001-thumbnail-768x1078.jpg 768w, https:\/\/catalunyapaisdarxius.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/ANC1-791-T-9_001-thumbnail-1094x1536.jpg 1094w, https:\/\/catalunyapaisdarxius.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/ANC1-791-T-9_001-thumbnail.jpg 1264w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c495287 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c495287\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e24a8b9 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e24a8b9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2>&#8220;Rebel Without a Pause. The memoirs of Bob Doyle&#8221; (autobiographical writing of the Irish Brigadier Bob Doyle)<\/h2><p><strong>1990-2002 (referred to 1936-1939)<\/strong><\/p><p>Written between 1990 and 2002, this autobiographical writing by Bob Doyle, an Irish brigade member, recounts his experiences during the Civil War, including combat in Catalonia. Its relevance lies in providing an international perspective on the conflict, highlighting the support of the International Brigades for the republican cause and connecting the local struggle with European solidarity. Although written later, it offers a valuable account of the war events in Catalonia.  <\/p><p><em>National Archive of Catalonia<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"featured_media":2494,"template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false},"eix":[38],"class_list":["post-9265","historia","type-historia","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","eix-heartbeats-of-catalan-society"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Catalonia at war and in the post-war period - Catalunya Pa\u00eds d&#039;Arxius<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/catalunyapaisdarxius.cat\/en\/catalunyapaisdarxius\/digital-resource\/resource\/perspective\/catalonia-at-war-and-in-the-post-war-period\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Catalonia at war and in the post-war period - Catalunya Pa\u00eds d&#039;Arxius\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The Civil War and the post-war period left a deep mark on Catalan society, with an impact that resonates in its collective history. 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